the box is sliding on a smooth surface), this process lets your students measure all three values in equation 2. If you assume friction is negligible (e.g. The app can use the device's built-in accelerometer to measure acceleration directly. The box will contain a mobile device equipped with a sensor app. In this lesson, your students will apply a known force (F app) to a box of known mass using a spring scale. You will have noted in the investigation above that the heavier the trolley is, the slower it moved when the force was constant.
SECOND LAW OF MOTION FREE
Using F x to represent the net force in the x direction, analyzing the free body diagram gives:Įquation 2: In this lesson we will only look at forces in the x direction. We can apply Newton's second law to the x and y axes individually. Assuming the floor is flat, the normal force is exactly equal and opposite to the box's weight. The normal force, N, from the floor pushing up on the box, which acts in the positive y direction (upward).Its own weight, W, which acts in the negative y direction (downward).The frictional force F f, which acts opposite the direction of motion (so, assuming the box is already moving to the right, it acts to the left, in the negative x direction).
A free-body diagram of a box being pushed across the floor.
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